What is Pregnancy Discrimination?
Pregnancy Discrimination Act Lawyers
Pregnancy discrimination is a type of sex discrimination and often involves an employer treating an employee differently because of issues concerning pregnancy, childbirth, or related conditions.
Under Title VII of the federal Civil Rights Act of 1964, employers with at least 15 employees may not make job decisions based on certain protected characteristics, including sex. Congress passed the Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) in 1978 as an amendment to Title VII, to clarify that firing, demoting, or otherwise penalizing employees because they are pregnant is a form of illegal sex discrimination.
In some circumstances, an employer might be obligated to provide time off to employees who are temporarily unable to work due to pregnancy and childbirth or to provide reasonable accommodations to pregnant employees to enable them to perform their job duties.
U.S. News and Best Lawyers® have named Zuckerman Law a Tier 1 firm in Litigation – Labor and Employment in the Washington DC metropolitan area.
Contact us today to find out how we can help you. To schedule a preliminary consultation about pregnancy discrimination, click here.
See Eric Bachman’s Forbes.com column and his articles on pregnancy discrimination:
- Which Employment Laws/Policies Actually Help Pregnant Workers?
- What Happens if the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act Becomes Law?
- Why Women Lawyers At Big Law Firms Are Walking Out The Door
- Key Takeaways From The Proposed $14 Million Walmart Pregnancy Discrimination Settlement
- A $5M Settlement, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Max Scherzer, And The Importance Of Parental Leave Rights
- $3.5 Million Settlement Sheds Light On When Pregnancy May Be A Disability Under The Law
Proving Pregnancy Discrimination
Pregnancy discrimination can occur at various times during employment. For example, employers are prohibited from factoring in an employee’s pregnancy into employment decisions when considering:
- Recruitment,
- Termination,
- Promotion,
- Demotion,
- fringe benefits like healthcare and leave
For additional information, click here.
To win a pregnancy discrimination case you must show:
- that you were treated differently than other employees who were similarly situated; and
- that the difference in treatment was based on your pregnancy.
FAQs About Pregnancy Discrimination
- What Is Pregnancy Discrimination?
- Do I need to file an EEOC charge of discrimination and what is the deadline?
- How do I prove I was treated differently than a similarly situated (not pregnant) employee?
- Can I be awarded emotional distress damages and how do I prove them?
- What are back pay damages?
- Can Pregnancy Ever Be Considered A Disability Under the Americans With Disabilities Act?
Pregnancy Discrimination and Virginia Human Rights Act
The Virginia Human Rights Act prohibits employment practices that discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, childbirth or related medical conditions. Virginia law does not specifically require employers to offer pregnancy leave. However, employers covered by the Virginia Human Rights Act must provide the same leave benefits to women disabled by pregnancy that they provide to other employees with temporary disabilities.
This means that employers can provide leave for employees with temporary disabilities, including pregnancy disability, with or without pay, or not provide it at all, so long as all employees are treated the same in their requests for temporary disability leave.
The Pregnancy Discrimination Act and Related Anti-Discrimination Laws
Various federal and state laws, including the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, Family and Medical Leave Act, and the Americans with Disabilities Act, generally dictate that an employer may not treat pregnant employees differently than employees with other medical conditions. And employers are usually required to hold open a job with the same reinstatement rights during pregnancy-related absences as it would for employees on sick or other types of leave.
Likewise, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act makes it unlawful for an employer to take an action against an employee (for example, denying them a promotion) that is based on their pregnancy. More information is available here.
